Talent (combining creativity, education, skills, and knowledge) is associated with human capital and provides a very valuable economic resource. In the past, the emigration of human capital from developing countries raised fears because of the associated 'brain drain'. This is still a valid concern today although new forms and directions in the international mobility of talent call for renewed perspectives. The return mobility of expatriate 'technological entrepreneurs' to developing countries is a positive trend. However, the emigration of health professionals from low income countries is a source of concern. Global development needs an effective transfer of knowledge and human capital, including students, scientists, and cultural workers, to developing countries in order to support their growth and development process: a brain gain, or at least brain circulation.

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