@article{3956982,
      note = {Includes bibliographical references (p. 17).},
      author = {Griffith-Jones, Stephany and Kraemer, Moritz},
      url = {http://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3956982},
      title = {Credit rating agencies and developing economies},
      publisher = {UN, Department of Economic and Social Affairs,},
      abstract = {The pandemic-induced global economic crisis has  contributed to the re-emergence of sovereign  default risk,  especially for emerging and developing economies, and has  directed attention to the  impact of the institutions that  are tasked with attempting to predict defaults: the  international credit  rating agencies. This paper describes  four main challenges posed by credit rating agencies,  especially  from a developing and emerging economies  perspective: potential bias in ratings, pro-cyclicality of   ratings, governance issues and conflicts of interest, and  incorporation of climate risk. It concludes  with potential  policy solutions addressed at ratings agencies, regulators,  and policy makers.},
      recid = {3956982},
      pages = {17 p. :},
      address = {[New York] :. 2021-12},
      year = {2021},
      month = {Dec},
}